1、The term "lunatic" derives from the Latin word lunaticus, which originally referred mainly to epilepsy and madness, as diseases thought to be caused by the moon. By the fourth and fifth centuries astrologers were commonly using the term to refer to neurological and psychiatric diseases.Philosophers such as Aristotle and Pliny the Elder argued that the full moon induced insane individuals with bipolar disorder by providing light during nights which would otherwise have been dark, and affecting susceptible individuals through the well-known route of sleep deprivation. Until at least 1700 it was also a common belief that the moon influenced fevers, rheumatism, episodes of epilepsy and other diseases.我贴一段维基上的吧。

2、简单翻译下，具体的可以自己去维基看。

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3、想了解得更清楚，后面的参考文献可以试着找来看一下。

4、“lunatic”这个词来自拉丁文“lunaticus”。

5、“lunatic”最初的意思是因月光而引起的癫痫和疯癫。

6、在四世纪和五世纪，占术师（？）常用这个词来表示精神学和神经学方面的疾病。

7、一些哲学家，像亚里士多德和老普林尼，相信满月在本该黑暗的时间提供光亮，使一些容易受影响的人失眠，从而产生躁郁症。

8、甚至直到18世纪，人们还是普遍相信月光会对感冒发烧，风湿，失忆，癫痫等其他一些疾病产生影响。

9、就这样吧，水平有限，翻译得不行，将就看吧。

10、其他的自己去看。

相信通过lunatic这篇文章能帮到你，在和好朋友分享的时候，也欢迎感兴趣小伙伴们一起来探讨。